New to microscopy?
This section of the website is intended mainly for those who are new to microscopy. It will contain information regarding many of the main types of microscope available (including historical instruments) and the way in which they should be used. It is also hoped to include help and advice for for those interested in digital imaging with the microscope.
Note: The images with a maroon coloured border link to larger versions - just click to view. For further information follow the links in the menu bar on the left - Glossary & diagram and the Stereo Microscope.
Some of the main designs
Simple "magnifying devices"
Fig 1 on the left -the "Natural History Museum" microscope and on the right a simple "Linen counter" magnifier. The NHM instrument is a 'cheaper' form of microscopes suitable for use in the field, or for the younger enthusiast. The magnifier (Fig 2) is an example of small hand or stand magnifiers useful for carrying around for casual inspection of objects.
Figures 1 & 2
For a full descrption of the Natural History Museum Microcsope click here or follow the link in the left hand menu bar
Low power Stereoscopic microscopes
Used for examining 'larger' objects, where high magnification is not required. Produces a stereoscopic image - giving a 3D view of the object - i.e. an image with 'depth'.
Figure 3 shows a typical mid to late 20th century instrument, whilst fig 4 shows a current instrument with built in digital camera.and connection to PC. Included software allows image capture and measurement.
(Figure 4 courtesy of Microscopes Plus Ltd)
Figures 3 & 4
For further information on the Stereomicroscope follw the link in the left hand menu bar or click here
High power Compound microscopes
Early 20th Century instruments
The two instruments on the left are both monocular microscopes, whilst the one on the right is a binocular version. All three have mirrors for directing the light into the condenser, for work with transparent objects.
Figures 4, 5 & 6
Mid to late 20th Century instruments
Used for inspection of various specimens - both transparent and solid under high magnification. All three instruments shown have inbuilt illumination.
21st Century - A digital microscope
Two views of a currently available compound microscope with built in 3.14 megapixel camera and LCD viewing screen. 16mb internal memory with additional slot for flash card up to 3GB. The camera has an extra analogue output (S video and composite video) for direct connection to a TV set. Video store fuction. White LED illumination with brightness control.
(Courtesy of Microscopes Plus Ltd)
Figure 10
Some 'specialised' designs
Polarising compound microscopes
Normally used for work with crystals, rock samples and similar specimens. Can also be used for viewing many types of biological specimens. Most polarising instruments have fully rotatable stages (over 360 degrees) and centering objectives.
Figures 11 & 12
Inverted compound microscopes
Built with the objectives and eyepieces below the stage. Particularly suitable for examining specimens in fluid and petri dishes.
Figures 13 & 134
Teaching microscope
A special arrangement that allows a teacher and students (in this case 4) to view a specimen at the same time. The teacher can indicate points of interest and, if required, manipulate the specimen whilst the students watch.
(Image courtesy of Microscopes Plus Ltd)
Figure 15
